Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal2077 BSQuestion 3 of 18

Briefly state the functions of following system tools in MS Windows:

5 marks

Exam year: 2077 BS / 2021 AD
Level: Level 5 (Prabidhik, IT, Barishtha Sahayak)
Paper: Paper II – Sewa Sambandhi
Section: Section A

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System tools maintain and repair Windows; they do not create documents.

a) Disk Defragmenter (Optimize Drives): HDD parts scatter across disk (fragmentation), slowing reads. Defragmenter rearranges fragments into continuous blocks for faster boot and file opening. Use: search Optimize → select C: → Optimize. SSDs use Trim, auto-scheduled weekly in Windows 10/11.

b) Format: Prepares a drive with a file system (NTFS/exFAT/FAT32), erasing all data. Use: right-click drive → Format, or FORMAT D: /FS:NTFS. Needed for new pen-drives, virus-infected disks, or changing file systems. Caution: backup first — formatting destroys data.

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