Federal Government2079 BSQuestion 13 of 16

What is BIOS? Explain the major features and settings available in BIOS.

5 marks

Exam year: 2079 BS / 2023 AD
Level: Gazetted First Class (Computer Operator – Prabidhik)
Paper: Paper II – Sewa Sambandhit Karya Gyan
Section: Section B

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BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) — now UEFI on modern PCs — is firmware in motherboard flash chip that starts the computer before the OS loads. It does POST, detects hardware, then boots the OS.

Major features/settings (BIOS Setup):

POST and boot order — Tests RAM/keyboard/disk; sets boot priority (SSD → USB → DVD).
Date/time and hardware info — System clock, CPU/RAM/disk details.
Device enable/disable — USB ports, onboard audio/LAN, SATA mode (AHCI).
Security — BIOS/admin password, Secure Boot to block unsigned OS.
Power/performance — Fan control, virtualization (VT-x) enable for VMs, overclock settings.

Press Del/F2 at startup to enter; wrong changes can stop booting, so offices lock BIOS with password.

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